The term Meniere's disease is used to define either the classic triad of vestibular and cochlear symptoms and
aural pressure from known or unknown causes or its clinical variants, vestibular and
cochlear Meniere's disease. Some variants evolve after years into typical forms, whereas
others do not. Extrinsic factors (inflammation, trauma, otosclerosis, autoimmunity,
endocrine disorders, and such) interact with congenital (genetic) and developmental
intrinsic factors (primary or secondary acquired) into a multifactorial inheritance
that is, to date, the best explanation for the basis of Meniere's disease. Endolymphatic
hydrops is widely accepted as the pathologic substrate, but not all hydrops seems
to be progressive or becomes clinically manifest. It seems reasonable to explain symptoms
of Meniere's disease on the basis of mechanical factors (as observed in temporal bone
studies) associated with biologic and biochemical factors.
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© 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
